P R A M :: Participatory Research at McGill

Participatory Research at McGill (PRAM)
Annual Report
October 1 2010 – September 30 2011
for the Foundation
Foundation Grant GRT-2006-037

PRAM Director:	Ann C. Macaulay CM MD FCFP

PRAM Associate Director & Research Manager:	Jon Salsberg MA, PhD (cand.)

Key Pram Faculty:	Pierre Pluye, MD PhD (McGill Family Medicine) Margaret Cargo PhD (currently based at University of South Australia)

PRAM Post-Doctoral Fellows:	Justin Jagosh, PhD (2010-2011)

PRAM Visiting Scholar:	Carol Herbert, MD Past Dean of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario

Additional Key Support:	Gillian Bartlett PhD (Department Family Medicine (DFM) Graduate Program Director) Jamie DeMore (Department Family Medicine (DFM) Graduate Program Coordinator) Paula Bush PhD (cand.) (PRAM Research Assistant) Judi Jacobs (AK-NEAHR project coordinator) Jim Henderson, MLS, MSc (McGill Life Sciences Librarian) Bryce Mansell (Department Family Medicine Research Admin Assistant)

Glossary:
AK-NEAHR	Anisnabe Kekendazone - Network Environment For Aboriginal Health Research
CIHR	Canadian Institutes of Health Research
DFM	Department of Family Medicine (McGill University)
FRSQ	Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Quebec
IKT	Integrated Knowledge Translation
KSDPP	Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project
KT	Knowledge Translation
NAPCRG	North American Primary Care Research Group
PR	Participatory Research
PRAM	Participatory Research at McGill

PRAM’s Vision: (http://pram.mcgill.ca)

Researchers working in partnerships with those affected by issues being studied for the purpose of translating knowledge into action or change

PRAM’s Mission: (http://pram.mcgill.ca)

To further scholarship and promote the knowledge, expertise and training for participatory research in health care. Participatory Research is an approach to conducting research where researchers are in partnership with the intended users of the research - which may be patients, health professionals, organizations, policy makers, community members or entire communities. The Royal Society of Canada has defined participatory research as systematic investigation, with the collaboration of those affected by the issue being studied, for purposes of education and taking action or effecting social change. The equally important goals of participatory research are to answer important health questions and benefit the partners in the research process, while developing valid knowledge that is applicable to other settings. Furthermore, participatory research integrates knowledge translation (KT) by involving those who need to act on the results as full partners throughout the process. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research have identified KT as a major priority, and propose integrated KT as a favourable means of achieving it.

PRAM 2010-2011 At a Glance:

Again in 2010-11, the principal activities undertaken at PRAM have centered on our realist synthesis of community based participatory research (50%), our commitment to the Anisnabe Kekendazone - Network Environment For Aboriginal Health Research (AK-NEAHR), contributing to various researchers’ partnership projects, and our ongoing engagement with the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project (KSDPP).

Funding for PRAM’s Future: Following last year’s change of mind by a major foundation, we made request to the McGill University Faculty of Medicine for it to fund us as a Core Unit within the Faculty, responsible for fulfilling the university’s needs for Integrated Knowledge Translation services. We had very high level support for this move within the Faculty from the past Dean of Medicine and past Vice-Dean for Strategic Initiatives. The Faculty stated, however, that this was not currently possible as their overall budget has been reduced by 3.6%; but they have made us a loan of $102,000 per year for the next 2 years. This will pay for the Associate Director’s salary and benefits, as well as cover other core expenses related to non-research aspects of our mandate. As always, research-related activities are covered primarily through research grants. We continue in discussions with the Faculty of Medicine Development office to attract funds from elsewhere, and there are also probably upcoming opportunities to apply for infra-structure funding from national research granting agencies. We had spent the past five years building a strong rapport with the Dean of Medicine and the Vice-Dean for Strategic Initiatives, both of whom have now prematurely left their posts (however the Vice Dean, Remi Quirion, has left McGill in order to take up the newly created post of Chief Scientist of Quebec, thus affording us a strong link to provincial research policy-makers). We continue to have high support from the Department of Family Medicine, and we plan to meet with the new Dean after he commences his position in January 2012.

Related to PRAM’s future, Associate Director Jon Salsberg has begun a PhD in the department of Kinesiology and Health Studies at Queen’s University. Our long-term goal is that Jon will achieve the credentials to provide continuity and leadership to PRAM in the years to come. PRAM is partially funding Jon to complete this degree as he is continuing to work for PRAM. Jon remains at PRAM, as we consider his dissertation project as one among the several projects Jon leads or manages for PRAM. His dissertation topic uses social network analysis to evaluate how knowledge is translated into action for change through researcher – community partnerships, and is a joint PRAM-KSDPP effort whose results will further both community-based participatory research and Aboriginal health. We have hired a part time PhD student (Paula Bush) to fulfill the remaining administrative work.

Our realist synthesis, “Are there benefits to participatory research?” has been our principal undertaking. Although we received a $100,000 grant for this work from CIHR, the process has been considerably more challenging than we expected, even considering the active participation of the international team of experts we have working with us – including world experts on realist review. The total time and expenditure on this project has therefore nearly doubled the original estimate. However we know that the results will fill a deep gap in the literature on how and why PR works. Many parties, including the Knowledge Translation Office of CIHR, are anxiously awaiting our results, and we are determined to do this well.

Besides PRAM members Ann (PI), Jon, Pierre Pluye and Margaret Cargo, this project involves several other international high-profile co-investigators, senior partners from national and regional public health and research agencies, and employs (here at PRAM) a post-doctoral fellow (J. Jagosh) and two part-time research assistants (P. Bush and E. Sirett). Aside from CIHR funding for this project, our post-doc and one research assistant have benefited partially from fellowship support from the Lawson Foundation grant. Through this project, we have identified over 7,100 items in the literature and undertaken a systematic process of identification, selection and appraisal to arrive at 23 studies retained for realist review synthesis. Through a process of identifying mechanisms that are activated by the participatory research process in particular contexts to achieve beneficial outcomes, we are mapping the demi-regularities that explain how, why and for whom participatory research works.

In 2009-10, we have presented our process and findings to-date at several Canadian and international conferences; have papers published justifying our synthesis process (Global Health Promotion); and our study protocol (Implementation Science); and will submit our first results paper in fall 2011 to Milbank Quarterly

PRAM is the author of new Oxford University Press online Guidelines for Community Based Participatory Research in Public Health (Ann, Erin Sirett, Paula Bush).

Faculty Development. Following our 2009 Faculty Development Workshop: “Participatory Research: A New Research Paradigm?” PRAM in conjunction with the Office of Faculty Development held a ‘booster session’ in March 2010 attended by 9 of the original participants who required specific assistance with ongoing PR projects. The Faculty Development Office’s schedule did not permit us to run a new full workshop this year; however we are planning to do so in the coming year. Our process of assessing faculty needs for developing this workshop is now being published (in press for spring 2012, Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement).

Supporting Primary Care Research.PRAM members Ann, Pierre and Jon remain key members in the Department of Family Medicine’s Emerging Team in Primary Care Research. A core group of researchers is demonstrating their coherence as a team and of their research pursuits through joint application to several CIHR funding opportunities. This group is committed to undertaking primary care research in a participatory manner. Our ultimate goal in this process is be nationally recognised as a core research team in primary care, making us eligible to apply for large national team grants. In 2010, this group was recognised as a CIHR national Evidence on Tap rapid review team for primary care research.

Supporting the McGill Research Community. PRAM’s ongoing mission is to support the participatory research aspirations of McGill researchers. Every year this means collaborating on faculty and researchers’ grants for partnered health research. Funding opportunities in all forms of partnered research continue to increase- which parallels the experience in the USA. The terminology is ever expanding - but we see this as an opportunity for PRAM as funding agencies are supporting grants for integrated knowledge translation and community engagement.
There is also a national movement to increasing University outreach to “community engagement”

Promotion and Tenure Guidelines. Increased participatory research also requires changes to the university promotions and tenure guidelines, as researchers often need to spend more time in the community, research may be slower, and end products may include both scientific publications and also community level products- training videos, policy changes etc. There is need for all significant end products to be recognised as important and very relevant outcomes of a research grant. Some universities including Department of Psychiatry at U of Toronto have already changed their promotion and tenure guidelines. Ann is working with a colleague in the Department of Psychiatry to make recommendations to McGill University Faculty of Medicine.

Aboriginal Health. PRAM is the Montreal node of the Anisnabe Kekendazone - Network Environment For Aboriginal Health Research (AK-NEAHR), on which Ann is Co-Principal Investigator along with Neil Andersson (nominated PI) and Georges Sioui, both of University of Ottawa. The main goal of this CIHR funded project is to disburse scholarships, fellowships and seed grants to those wishing to undertake Aboriginal health research. This began as a 5 year project in 2001 as the CIHR-funded Ottawa ACADRE Centre, and was renewed under the CIHR-NEAHR program in 2006 as the Anisnabe Kekendazone NEAHR. PRAM’s main task has been to identify and support candidates to apply for funding, which is then reviewed and granted by the AK-NEAHR’s all-Aboriginal board of directors, comprised of leaders from the 5 national Aboriginal organisations.

Following the 2010 2-day AK-NEAHR knowledge translation colloquium we organised and hosted (funded through a successful CIHR KT Supplement Grant – $40,000 – J Salsberg as PI, AC Macaulay Co-I), the AK-NEAHR launched another round of graduate research scholarships for 2011. Through PRAM, three doctoral and one postdoctoral applications were submitted; all were successfully funded.

PRAM also continues to advocate for stronger Aboriginal health infrastructure by supporting a group of interested medical students working to increase Aboriginal content in the undergraduate medical curriculum, and increase the number of places in Quebec medical schools dedicated to Aboriginal candidates. In this latter endeavour, Ann has been meeting with Dr Joyce Pickering, Associate Dean of Medicine for Medical Education, and Dr. Saleem Razack, Assistant Dean of Medicine for Undergraduate Admissions.

Beginning in 2010, the Faculty of Medicine has struck an Indigenous Curriculum Committee with Ann as Chair. This committee, with broad McGill and Aboriginal membership from inside and outside the university, is mandated with integrating material on core competencies surrounding Aboriginal patients and Communities into all four years of the undergraduate medical school curriculum. The Indigenous Health Curriculum was initiated in Fall 2010

The Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project (KSDPP). Ann and Jon remain core members of the KSDPP research team and dedicate a considerable amount of effort to sustaining this flagship Aboriginal health project. In 2010, KSDPP was the recipient of the CIHR Partnership Award (http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/27367.html) in recognition of its 16 years of community-academic collaboration, and leadership in developing ethical guidelines for researchers working in partnerships with Aboriginal communities. Also in 2010, KSDPP and PRAM successfully competed for a $200,000 CIHR Knowledge-To-Action grant to design, implement and evaluate a new physical activity policy in Kahnawake’s elementary schools (E Garcia PI, Jon and Ann Co-Is). Following institutional ethical approval of our study protocol over the past summer, this project began pre-policy data collection in September 2011. KSDPP also was awarded a CIHR KT Supplement Grant ($38,000 – K. Gray-Donald PI, Ann and Jon Co-Is) to develop a knowledge translation workshop to act on KSDPP results. This workshop was delivered in November 2010.

In November 2009, PRAM and KSDPP hosted a pre-conference workshop as part of the 37th Meetings of the North American Primary Care Research Group (NAPCRG) entitled, “Processes, Relationships and Evaluation in Participatory Research and Indigenous Health Research”. This full day workshop took place at a Kahnawake Longhouse, and was funded by a CIHR Meetings Planning and Dissemination Grant (Ann as PI, Jon as Co-I). It brought together 13 community-based participatory research teams from across North America to share their experiences and add process and evidence to the 1998 NAPCRG Policy Statement on Participatory Research. The workshop was video recorded and analysed. Findings were presented at the 38th Meetings of NAPCRG in Seattle in November 2010; a final report was drafted in spring 2011, and two final journal articles are in preparation. A first article, which is nearing completion, will outline the lessons synthesised from the experiences of the participating projects; and a second article, for submission to Annals of Family Medicine, will outline the significant role primary care professionals have played in these community partnerships. Video and slides from the November 2009 workshop are available at http://pram.mcgill.ca/napcrg2009.php. Results from this study will be incorporated into the NAPCRG policy statement on research.

PRAM (Jon) continues to collaborate with the Native Friendship Center of Montreal and Drs. M.E. Macdonald and P. Brassard, on an initiative to examine the service needs of the urban Aboriginal population in Montreal. We have received a CIHR Meetings Planning and Dissemination Grant (ME Macdonald as PI, Jon as Co-I) to return results of an earlier Tuberculosis project and plan next steps. An application for a CIHR operating grant was unsuccessful in 2011, however further attempts are being made to fund the larger needs assessment and service study (ME Macdonald as PI, Jon as Co-I).

Build Capacity for PR Within McGill University
Development of 2 new PR graduate courses:
Dr Gillian Bartlett, Director of the new Masters Program in Family Medicine, invited PRAM to develop two new postgraduate courses in participatory research and Integrated knowledge translation: an introductory one credit course and an advanced 3 credit course. The latter started in January 2011 and will be repeated each spring. This session attracted 10 students from various faculties and was highly rated. The one credit course started in fall 2011, also attracted 10 students and will be repeated each fall. Recognising the importance of PR for all family medicine master students, the Masters program has made this a compulsory core course for all students registered in the program.

From the McGill University Course Calendar:

FMED 603 1 credit
Introduction to Participatory Research in Health
Family Medicine: An overview of the scholarship and practice of participatory research in health and current issues, including examples of contemporary usage in community, clinics, and in knowledge translation.
Offered by: Family Medicine

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor
Restriction: Open to all graduate students in Faculty of Medicine. Priority to students registered in the MSc in Experimental Medicine; Family Medicine program.

Terms Fall 2011
Instructors Ann Macaulay, Jonathan Salsberg

FMED 604 3 credits
Advanced Participatory Research in Health
Family Medicine: Participatory research advanced topics.
Offered by: Family Medicine

Prerequisite: Permission of instructor.
Restrictions: Open to all graduate students in the Faculty of Medicine. Priority to students registered in the MSc in Experimental Medicine; Family Medicine program.

Terms Winter 2012
Instructors Ann Macaulay, Jonathan Salsberg

Build Capacity for PR Within McGill University

We continue our popular lunchtime seminars, presenting speakers from the McGill community and beyond. These seminars take the form of a one hour presentation over a light lunch followed by 30-60 minutes discussion. The audience is consistently 15-20 people (often many more) including community participants from KSDPP and Montreal organisations, and faculty and students from family medicine, bioethics, epidemiology, education, health and social policy, kinesiology, nursing, dentistry, anthropology and public health, and the senior Health Sciences Librarian.

PRAM 2010-2011 Seminars (“Participatory Research @ Lunch” Series)
(many presentations are available at http://pram.mcgill.ca/archives.php)

2010 - 2011 Seminars
- September 29, 2010 - Claudia Mitchell, James McGill Professor of Visual Arts-based Methodologies, HIV&AIDS, and Social Change
- October 26, 2010 - Jody Heymann, Canada Research Chair in Global Health and Social Policy; Founding Director of the Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University
- December 8, 2010 - Margaret Cargo, Senior Lecturer in Health Promotion, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia

Understanding the mechanisms of engagement in Aboriginal child and youth mental health and well-being programs: A realist review.

January 25, 2011 - Gillian Bartlett-Esquilant, Department of Family Medicine, McGill University and Information Technology Primary Care Research Group

Primary Care Pharmacogenomics: The role of participatory research in cutting edge science.

March 2, 2011 - Jacqueline Tetroe, Senior Advisor, Knowledge Translation and Public Outreach, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
- Integrated Knowledge Translation at CIHR: An Update.
April 26, 2011 - David Antle, PhD Candidate, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education
- Using Participatory Ergonomic approaches to develop applied workplace research and effective workplace interventions.
September 27, 2011 - Jean-Francois Pelletier, Hopital Louis-H Lafontaine
- Participatory research in citizenship psychiatry: let's grow together!.

Ongoing and New PRAM collaboration and consultation (Ann and Jon) on faculty projects:

Ann and Jon continue our ongoing collaborations with the following McGill University and McGill Hospital-based projects:

PRAM as co-investigators on “Patients’ Perspectives Study at the Herzl Family Practice Centre, SMBD-Jewish General Hospital”. This major multi year initiative, lead by Dr M. Malus, Chief of Family Medicine at the SMBD-JGH, uses a participatory approach in its research towards overhauling the service provision at this major Montreal family medicine teaching centre. Community advisory board members are patients representing the major groups of patients using this centre and representatives of all the health professions and support staff at the centre. This project has resulted in a publication ‘in press’ and an upcoming workshop at the Family Medicine Forum in Montreal in November 2011- for both outcomes, patients are co authors and co presenters.

PRAM (Pierre Pluye) is Co-PI (with Dr R. Grad) for a grant co-funded by CIHR and FRSQ (Fonds de recherche en santé du Québec) “Assessing and improving electronic knowledge resources in partnership with information providers”. Principal decision-maker: C Repchinsky (Canadian Pharmacists Association, CPhA); Co-investigators: M Dawes, C Loiselle, G Bartlett, C Rodriguez & P Cohendet (2007). Collaborators: Ann C Macaulay, Jon Salsberg; Program: Partnership for Health System Improvement. The partner will be an organization, the Canadian Pharmacists Association, i.e. the professional and educational body of pharmacists

PRAM (Ann and Jon) as co-investigators with Reut Gruber (McGill Department Psychiatry and Douglas Hospital Research Centre) and the Riverside School Board “Sleep for Success.” This participatory project is a collaboration between McGill and a Montreal area school board to help improve students’ sleep hygiene. Ultimate goal is to increase the number of hours students sleep in order to improve their academic performance, emotional stability, health and wellbeing, and early results show improvements in children’s sleep habits. This team has now expanded to include experts in nutrition and physical activity and have submitted a new grant (fall 2011) to CIHR that will be the first in Canada to incorporate knowledge about sleep, physical activity, eating and screen time. There is potential for this team to expand to include KSDPP.

PRAM (Ann and Jon) co-investigators with Myra Piat (McGill Department Psychiatry and Douglas Hospital Research Centre) and her partners throughout the network of Quebec centres de santé et de services sociaux (Ministry of Health service provision centres) on developing and implementing practice guidelines for mental health recovery. These will be based on existing guidelines in place in the US and other parts of the world. The Quebec government is committed to moving towards a recovery framework, and this project will develop and pilot test guidelines in a number of urban and rural settings. Following two successful (2009-10) CIHR planning grants, the initial operating grant application was not funded, but has now been re-submitted after incorporating reviewers’ feedback.

PRAM (Ann and Jon) in 2008-9 collaborated with Jean Francois Pelletier, Hopital L-H Lafontaine, Yale University’s Program for Recovery and Community Health, and the Douglas Mental Health University Institute at McGill University, on the study “Toward a Participatory Research Partnership for Mental Health Services Improvement.” Starting in Summer 2011 Jean Francois Pelletier is now leading an exciting new initiative as Special Advisor, Hôpital Louis-H. Lafontaine, International Program for Participatory Research in Civic Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal. Together with Dr. Pelletier, we have published one paper on service-user-led research in mental health recovery (see publications section below), and are currently editing a book chapter based on Jon’s 2009 presentation to this research partnership.

PRAM (Jon and Ann) as Co-I on a team headed by Kathryn Gill, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University for an integrated knowledge translation grant funded by CIHR, This aims to facilitate discussions between psychiatrists, mental health front line workers and clinic administrators to support the introduction of validated brief interventions for addictions in the community. It will help primary healthcare professionals to understand the barriers and facilitators at the community level for this new treatment approach. Within this funded 3-year, $1.3 million study, PRAM is leading the evaluation of stakeholder engagement in order to better understand how a diverse group of researchers, organisational decision-makers and clinicians come together to implement policy and practice.

PRAM (Ann and Jon) co-investigators with Gillian Bartlett-Esquilant, Department of Family Medicine McGill University, on “Improving Patient Safety through Pharmacogenomics in Primary Care: Building Partnerships.” As the patient safety literature has demonstrated, prescribing is still largely an experiment when it comes to individual patient care. In the typical clinical visit, it is impossible to predict with any sense of accuracy exactly what benefit or harm a patient may gain or suffer as a result of taking a particular medication. However, we now have the potential to understand more precisely the individual’s metabolism of certain types of drugs through the use of pharmacogenomics. The Human Genome Project defines pharmacogenomics as the science of how an individual’s genetic inheritance affects their body’s response to a drug. Last year’s pilot project was designed to evaluate whether an informatics pipeline can be set up by which doctors can be notified of applicable pharmacogenomics tests. Physicians can subsequently both order and receive the results and guidance back in a timely and useful manner. The baseline results of this project have provided the necessary information to develop a full protocol in partnership with Genome Quebec to evaluate the ability of pharmacogenomics testing in primary care to prevent adverse drug events and reduce hospital admissions. Dr Gillian Bartlett-Esquilant and her research colleagues held ‘deliberation sessions’ (similar to focus groups) with all the different groups of people in this project including policy makers, family physicians and patients, and then brought everyone together for a final discussion which will likely lead to another grant application.

PRAM (Ann and Jon) co-investigators with Charo Rodriguez, Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, on her “CIHR McGill Emerging Team in Family Medicine Research.” This project builds on pre-existing partnerships of the current dynamic research team from McGill University, Department of Family Medicine. This team comprises junior and senior researchers with a wide range of skills in quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, participatory research, and knowledge translation approaches who are deeply committed to the production of evidence-informed decision making in primary care and the enhancement of family medicine research. While Canadian medical students are increasingly neglecting family medicine as career choice, our team aims to build, reinforce, and sustain family medicine research. The overall purpose of our emerging team is to produce rigorous and valuable knowledge for advancing family medicine as an academic discipline, making the discipline more attractive for residents, and ultimately improving primary health care and health outcomes at the individual and population levels.

PRAM (Ann) as co investigator with Susan Law (PI) at St Mary’s Hospital, Montreal to develop an evidenced based website for the general population is many aspects of disease. This project is being developed as the Canadian arm of the award-winning website developed in the UK – originally known as the Database of Individual Patient Experiences (DIPEx); now www.healthtalkonline.org and www.youthtalkonline.org. Healthtalkonline currently includes modules for over 60 health conditions and issues and a social networking portal. The first Canadian topic will be “Experiences of Family Caregiving for Adults with Chronic Physical Illness” and the team is using participatory approach and working with relevant organisations across Canada.

PRAM (Ann) as collaborator with Christine Loignon (PI) at Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec Province seeking to improve the knowledge at attitude of health care professionals and organisations taking care of patients living below the poverty line. PRAM (Ann, Pierre and Paula) will offer a workshop in fall 2011 to introduce all team members to participatory research, knowledge translation and to assist in developing a written partnership agreement based on the KSDPP Code of Research Ethics.

PRAM Ann, Jon and Paula Bush (PRAM research assistant) have taken over the coordination of “McGill Medicine to Chilcapamba” working in partnership with the International Division of the Department of Family Medicine. This participatory project, centers on health issues relevant to the remote, rural and indigenous community of Chilcapamba, Ecuador, and involves a long-term commitment, which includes undertaking research identified by the community and disseminating the research findings to the community once the research is completed. This partnership between the Department of Family Medicine at McGill and Chilcapamba was conceived in 2008 by then-second-year medical student, Andrea Evans. In the summer of 2008, research on syphilis in women aged above 14 was carried out in the field by Evans, solidifying the partnership between the two sides and was the beginning of our on-going participatory research project. Each year, the community of Chilcapamba tries to identify its biggest health concerns that they want to have addressed by the following year’s research. In 2009 the participatory research project focused on parasites in children aged 2-14. At the same time, women's focus groups were organized so that women could share their health concerns and help identify next year's topic. In summer 2010 Julie Desailliers was the medical student who visited Chilcapamba and, in partnership with one of the female community leaders, ran focus groups to find out what women in the community understood about a recent national Pap test campaign and to encourage the three women who had positive Pap tests to go for follow up even they were feeling well, follow-up was in a hospital many miles away and was going to be expensive. In summer 2011 Melissa Roy and the female community leader worked to interview and run focus groups with women of different ages to better understand the knowledge attitudes, barriers and facilitators to contraception. Medical students are funded through the Faculty of Medicine Summer Bursary Program.

PRAM (Ann and Jon as Co-Investigators) continues its collaboration with the McGill World Health Platform and Brain-to-Society research groups, led by Laurette Dubé, McGill Desautels Faculty of Management. This high-profile international consortium is approaching global and local levels of health development and health promotion through an innovative program of systems sciences aimed at changing policy and practice to better the lives of individuals in both developing and developed nations. PRAM (Ann and Jon) are Co-Investigators on one funded study (see funds-held section below), and co-applicants on a further multi-million dollar operating grant submitted in the spring of 2011 entitled, “Multi-Tier Nested Computational Models of Systems Structure and Dynamics of Social Determinants of Community and Whole-of-Society Actions to Promote Healthy Eating and Active Living to Prevent Obesity in Child and Youth Population and their Families: Comparative models of Local Community Engagement in Quebec Governmental Action Plan.” This research group is also working closely with Quebec en Forme, the para-public agency that is working in rural Quebec to increase the levels of physical activity among children 0-17 years of age.

PRAM (Ann) with researchers from University of British Columbia led by family physician PI Ruth Martin are working on the CIHR funded “Healing outside the Gates”. This grant includes researchers in partnerships with women released from prison with short term goals of understanding the background and needs of women prisoners and the long term goal of reducing recidivism, and to improve the community organisations capabilities of offering services to women released from prison. (See publications)

PRAM (Ann) as continued Supervisory Board Member of 2040, Denver Colorado, USA. This 4 year old participatory research project includes researchers with community representative from 5 distinct neighbourhoods in Denver. Baseline data has been collected on demographics and lifestyle habits, results have been interpreted with community members and the team are now developing interventions based on the baseline results, and now also have funding from the NIH new Clinical Translational Sciences Awards. (There are many similarities with this project and KSDPP)

New Collaborations:

PRAM (Ann) was asked to join a new international team headed by PI Anne Andermann from Department of Family Medicine looking at issues of child labour in Brazil, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Niger. This innovative grant partners researchers with senior decision makers in each country and includes WHO and the International Labour Organisation as supporting resources. Successful letter of intent to CIHR with $15,000 awarded supported researchers and decision makers to come to Montreal in June 2011 for further discussions, and $25,000 CIHR meetings grant will support another team meeting in Montreal in summer 2012. This 2011 meeting included a presentation from Jon on Integrated Knowledge translation and participatory research. The full grant application was made in summer 2011.

PRAM (Ann) as Co Investigator on a new grant with PI Kirsten Johnson, Department of Family Medicine, to partner with Inuit organisations in all four Inuit territories to evaluate sexual violence and to develop culturally appropriate interventions. This was a successful letter of intent to CIHR with full grant proposal summer 2011.

PRAM (Ann) as consultant to the Dartmouth Medical School University, USA for an NIH application grant to the new Clinical Translational Sciences Award. This application was unsuccessful. (This is part of the new multi million major NIH initiative in community engagement)

PRAM (J. Jagosh as PI, Ann and Pierre as Co-I/Supervisors). Following on our successful synthesis of the PR literature, Dr. Jagosh is undertaking an in-depth qualitative evaluation of partners’ roles within the 23 strong community-based partnerships retained for our realist review. This involves interviewing members of each of the 23 international teams. This work is funded by CIHR as Dr. Jagosh’s postdoctoral fellowship.

As well, PRAM (Ann as PI, Pierre and Justin as Co-Is) have applied for a $100,000 CIHR end-of-grant KT supplement award to translate our synthesis grant results into action for policy and practice change among our original stakeholders (federal and provincial research funders, public health agencies, community engagement advocacy groups and ethics boards) as well as with newly invited stakeholders. We should hear results of this competition in spring 2012.

PRAM (Ann as PI, Pierre and Justin as Co-Is). Also following our realist synthesis, we have applied to CIHR for a further review of PR within organisational settings, such as within hospitals, service centres and professional organisations. This application includes many of the same co-applicants as our previous synthesis. This grant would be for $100,000 and we should hear results in the spring of 2012.

Collaborations
PRAM (Ann and Jon) were invited participants to the meeting in Toronto of the new International Consortium on Participatory Health Research (ICPHR). The founder is an American researcher currently based in Germany. The goals of this organisation are to create a common language and international standards for participatory research, and advance the science of this participatory research.

PRAM (Ann) is a member of a new Canadian organisation whose goal is to link participatory health researchers across Canada. The leading centre is based in Victoria, BC.

Trainees supported by PRAM

Funded Trainees:
Justin Jagosh, PhD, Post-doctoral fellow in Department of Family Medicine
Paula Bush (PhD candidate) in Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education
Maedeh Khayyat Kholghi (MSc candidate) Department of Family Medicine
Jayne Murdoch (MSc candidate) in Department of Nutrition 2008-2011 (with KSDPP funded through AK-NEAHR)
Soultana Macridis (PhD candidate) Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education 2011-2013 (with KSDPP and funded through AK-NEAHR)
Jon Salsberg (PhD candidate) School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University (with KSDPP, PRAM and AK-NEAHR funding)

Students on whose projects we have provided guidance:
Clarice Reis (MSc candidate) in the Department of Family Medicine
Paula Bush (PhD candidate in Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education)
Tabitha Tonsaker (MSc Candidate) Department of Family Medicine (PR project with St. Mary’s Hospital)
All the medical students to Ecuador who continue to have involvement in this project Andrea Evans (pediatric resident) Lilyana Zhelyazkova (med 4) Ji Wei Yang (med 4)Julie Desalliers (med 3) and Melissa Roy (med 2)

Ann as committee member for postgraduate students
Justin Jagosh (fellow)
Clarice Reis (masters in Family Medicine)
Jayne Murdoch (masters with KSDPP)
Sarah Horne (masters with KSDPP)

Faculty with letters of support to National Research career awards
Jean Francois Pelletier
Anne Andermann

Postgraduates with letter of support to National Research Career Awards
Jon Salsberg to CIHR
Paula Bush to FRSQ

PRAM FUNDED RESEARCH 2010 – 2011:

Existing Research Funds Held 2010-2011 (funds active between Oct. 1, 2010 and Sept. 30, 2011): (Source: CIHR Funded Research Database: http://webapps.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/funding/run_search)
PI Names	Co-I Names	Project Title	Amount	Fiscal Year
WIEN, Frederic Carl; (MACAULAY, Ann C.) etc.	SALSBERG, Jonathan S;	CIHR Network Environments for Aboriginal Health Research	$ 4,648,980.00	2011-12
DANIEL, Mark ; DUBÉ, Laurette ; EL-SOHEMY, Ahmed ; GRUBER, Reut	MACAULAY, Ann C.; SALSBERG, Jonathan S	Foundational Work for a Brain-to-Society Diagnostic for Prevention of Childhood Obesity and its Chronic Diseases Consequences	$ 100,000.00	2011-12
GARCIA BENGOECHEA, Enrique ; MCCOMBER, Alex M	MACAULAY, Ann C.; SALSBERG, Jonathan S	Participatory Policy Intervention to Promote School-Based Physical Activity	$ 95,663.00	2011-12
GILL, Kathryn June	MACAULAY, Ann C.	CIHR Team in Substance Abuse Treatment	$ 221,476.00	2011-12
JAGOSH, Justin J.	MACAULAY, Ann C.; PLUYE, P.	Toward Key Principles for Assessing Integrated Knowledge Translation	$ 45,000.00	2011-12
JANSSEN, Patricia Alice; MARTIN, Ruth Elwood	MACAULAY, Ann C.	Doing Time: Knowledge Translation	$ 99,981.00	2011-12
ANDERMANN, Anne ; AWAN, Saeed ; GUNN, Susan ; NASRULLAH, Muazzam	MACAULAY, Ann C.	Breaking the cycle of entrenched multi-generational health inequities by developing interventions to tackle child labour and promote childhood development	$ 14,949.00	2010-11
ANDERMANN, Anne ; GUNN, Susan ; NASRULLAH, Muazzam	MACAULAY, Ann C.	Meeting to prepare research protocols for international research on child labour and health equity	$ 24,782.00	2010-11
WIEN, Frederic Carl; (MACAULAY, Ann C.); etc.	SALSBERG, Jonathan S	CIHR Network Environments for Aboriginal Health Research	$ 2,399,973.00	2010-11
ANDERSSON, Neil ; MACAULAY, Ann C.; SIOUI, George		Anisnwabe Kenendazone: building from the Ottawa ACADRE	$ 308,333.00	2010-11
DANIEL, Mark ; DUBÉ, Laurette ; EL-SOHEMY, Ahmed ; GRUBER, Reut	MACAULAY, Ann C.; SALSBERG, Jonathan S	Foundational Work for a Brain-to-Society Diagnostic for Prevention of Childhood Obesity and its Chronic Diseases Consequences	$ 50,729.00	2010-11
GILL, Kathryn June	MACAULAY, Ann C.	CIHR Team in Substance Abuse Treatment	$ 258,857.00	2010-11
JAGOSH, Justin J.	MACAULAY, Ann C.; PLUYE, P.	Toward Key Principles for Assessing Integrated Knowledge Translation	$ 38,333.00	2010-11
JANSSEN, Patricia Alice; MARTIN, Ruth Elwood	MACAULAY, Ann C.	Doing Time: A Time for Incarcerated Women to Develop an Action Health Strategy	$ 100,783.00	2010-11
KIRMAYER, Laurence J.	MACAULAY, Ann C.	National Network for Aboriginal Mental Health Research	$ 311,395.00	2010-11
PIAT, Myra	MACAULAY, Ann C.; SALSBERG, Jonathan S	Developing a Partnership for the Implementation of Recovery in Quebec	$ 15,000.00	2010-11
LAW, Susan	MACAULAY, Ann C.	www.healthtalkonline.org www.youthtalkonline.org	$ 100,000.00	2011-2012
LOIGNON, Christine	MACAULAY, Ann C.; PLUYE, Pierre; BUSH, Paula	Improving the knowledge at attitude of health care professionals and organisations taking care of patients living below the poverty line	$ 64,000.00	2011-2012
PIAT, Myra	MACAULAY, Ann C.; SALSBERG, Jonathan S	Faire du rétablissement une réalité	$ 24,010.00	2010-11
TOTAL funds for 2010-2012 only (values for other years of multi-year grants not included):			$ 8,922,244.00

New Funds Under Review (as of October 2011):

CIHR Knowledge Translation Synthesis Grant on PR in Organisations (PRO). Ann as PI, Pierre, Justin, Paula, et al., as Co-Is ($100,000)
Justin Jagosh, et al. (PRAM), CIHR end-of-grant KT supplement award to translate our synthesis grant results ($100,000)
International Consortium on Participatory Health Research (ICPHR). CIHR operating grant to explore international methods and practices in PR. (J Springett, U of Calgarv as PI, Ann and Jon as Co-Is) ($100,000)
Myra Piat, Douglas Hospital Research Centre. New CIHR operating grant application to further participatory implementation of mental health recovery frameworks; Ann and Jon as Co-Is ($200,000)
Reut Gruber, Douglas Hospital Research Centre- Healthy Days and Healthy Nights (CIHR KTA Grant) Ann and Jon as Co-Is ($200,000). This is very similar to KSDPP, but has increased sleep as an added component to healthy eating, increased physical activity and decreased screen time. Dr Gruber has also offered to work with KSDPP

PRAM Honours:

2011 Ann Macaulay for Lifetime Achievement in Family Medicine Research- awarded by Canadian College of Family Physicians in recognition of her work in participatory research and knowledge translation

2010 CIHR 2010 Partnership Award given to the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project (http://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/42753.html)

Peer Reviewed Publications:

2010 Macaulay AC, Sirett E, Bush P. Community-Based Participatory Research in Public Health. Oxford University Press Online Publications.

2011 Cargo, M, Delormier, T, Levesque, L, McComber, A, Macaulay, AC. Community capacity as an "inside job": Evolution of perceived ownership of a university-Aboriginal community partnership. American Journal of Health Promotion, 26(2), 96-100.

2011 Pace R, Pluye P, Bartlett G, Macaulay AC, Salsberg J, Jagosh J, Seller R.. Testing the reliability and efficiency of the pilot Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) for systematic mixed studies review. Int J Nurs Stud [2011 Aug 9. Epub ahead of print].

2011 Pelletier JF, Lesage A, Delorme A, Macaulay AC, Salsberg J, Vallee C, Davidson L. User-led Research: A Global and Person-Centered Initiative. International Journal of Mental Health Promotion. Vol 13(1).

2011 J Jagosh, P Pluye, AC Macaulay, J Salsberg, J Henderson, E Sirett, PL Bush, R Seller, G Wong, T Greenhalgh, M Cargo, CP Herbert, SD Seifer, LW Green. Assessing the Outcomes of Participatory Research: Protocol for Identifying, Selecting and Appraising the Literature for Realist Review. Implementation Science, 6(24).

2011 AC Macaulay, J Jagosh, R Seller, J Henderson, M Cargo, T Greenhalgh, G Wong, J Salsberg, LW Green, C Herbert, P Pluye. Benefits of Participatory Research: A Rationale For a Realist Review. Global Health Promotion, 18(2); 45-48.

2011 Bhattacharyya OK, Rasooly IR, Naqshbandi M, Estey EA, Esler J, Toth E, C Macaulay AC, HarrisSB Challenges to the Provision of Diabetes Care in First Nations Communities: Results from a National Survey of Healthcare Providers in Canada BMC Health Services Research 2011;11:283

2011 Buchanan M, Murphy K, Smith Martin M, Korchinski M, Buxton J, Granger-Brown A, Hanson D, Hislop G, Macaulay AC, Martin R. Understanding Incarcerated Women's Perspectives on Substance Use: Catalysts, Reasons for Use, Consequences, and Desire for Change. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation. 2011;50(2):81-100

2011 Naqshbandi M, Harris SB, Macaulay AC. Lessons Learned in using Community-Based Participatory Research to Build a National Diabetes Collaborative in Canada. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education and Action (in press)

2011 Malus M, Shulha M, Granikov V, Johnson-Lafleur J, d'Souza V, Knot M, Holcroft C, Hung K, Periera I, Riccuto C, Salsberg J, Macaulay AC. A Participatory Approach to Understanding and Measuring Patient Satisfaction in a Primary Care Teaching Setting. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education and Action (in press)

2011 Harris, S.B., Naqshbandi, M., Bhattacharyya, O., Hanley, A.J.G., Esler, J.G., & Zinman, B. “Major gaps in diabetes clinical care among Canada’s First Nations: Results of the CIRCLE study”. Diab Res Clin Pract 2011; 92: 272-279. (AC Macaulay was CIRCLE site investigator)

2011 Salsberg J, Seller R, Shea L, Macaulay AC. A Needs Assessment Informs Development of a Participatory Research Faculty Development Workshop. Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement. Volume 16(1); (in press for March 2012)

Peer-Reviewed Conference Presentations (Oral and Posters):

2011 J Salsberg, AC Macaulay. "Assessing the Outcomes of Community-Based Participatory Research: A Realist Review of What Works, for Whom, and in What Circumstances." CU Expo 2011, Waterloo, ON., May 10-14.

2011             J Jagosh, J Salsberg, P Pluye , AC Macaulay, P Bush. "Applying Realist Review Methodology to Complex Health Intervention Assessment (Workshop)." Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) Annual Meetings, Montreal, June 19-22 2011.

2011             AC Macaulay, M Knot, J Salsberg, A Adams, M Allen, N Amirlatifi, J Azar, C Berberian, C Bourassa, D Brouillette, P Bush, S Cowart, J Crowe, C Culhane-Perra, R Delatorres, E Diloia, R Elwood Martin, M Felzien, MC Gatineau, E Gilles-Poitras, V Granikov, R Gruber, D Hansen, Carol P. Herbert, Albert Herscovitch, Mika Hing, Kenneth Hung, Erika Kleiderman, M Korchinski, S Kruger, JW LeMaster, A Letcher, D Main, M Malus, AM McComber, S McKay, M Mckenna, Jennifer McNeil, Kelly Murphy, Ned Norman, Kelly Patrick, Shanon Pergermant, Judy Peters, VR Ramsden, Y Rodriguez, D Saltman, S Sanchez, Z Schwartz, C Shackleford, G Somerville, V d’Souza, L Taub-Pervizpour, B Valentine, G Ware, J Westfall. "Processes and Relationships in Participatory Health Research. Published Abstract of the North American Primary Care Research Group Annual Meetings. Seattle, WA." Family Medicine, Vol 43 (Suppl 1); January 2011.

2011             L Zhelyazkova, MJ Morales Cushcagua; AC Macaulay, L Graves, J Salsberg, L Shea, A Evans, JW Yang, J Desalliers. "Prevalence of Parasite Infections In Children Aged 2-14 In a Rural Indigenous Community In Ecuador Following Participatory Research Approach. Published Abstract of the North American Primary Care Research Group Annual Meetings. Seattle, WA." Family Medicine, Vol 43 (Suppl 1); January 2011.

2011             R Pace; P Pluye, G Bartlett, J Salsberg, J Jagosh, R Seller, AC Macaulay. "Reliability of a Tool for Appraising Methodological Quality of Qualitative, Quantitive And Mixed Methods Studies. Published Abstract of the North American Primary Care Research Group Annual Meetings. Seattle, WA." Family Medicine, Vol 43 (Suppl 1); January 2011.

2011             J Jagosh, AC. Macaulay, P Pluye, J Salsberg, J Henderson, R Seller, T Greenhalgh, G Wong, C Herbert, M Cargo, LW Green. "The Benefits of Community-based Participatory Research: A Realist Review. Published Abstract of the North American Primary Care Research Group Annual Meetings. Seattle, WA." Family Medicine, Vol 43 (Suppl 1); January 2011.

2011 Jagosh, J. “A realist review of community-based participatory research in health: insights for synthesizing large, heterogeneous, and complex bodies of literature.” Cochrane & Campbell Collaborations: Bringing Evidence-Based Decision Making to New Heights. 18 – 22 October 2010, Keystone, Colorado, USA.

Invited Presentations:

INVITED PRESENTATIONS

At McGill

2011 World Platform - Brain to Society- Health Days and Healthy Nights. Using Participatory Research to promote Knowledge Translation. Invited speaker Montreal March 17 2011

2010 School of Physical & Occupational Therapy. Edith Strauss Rehabilitation Project. Keynote Speaker Annual conference June 2010 « Who should be on the team to improve Integrated Knowledge Translation? » AC Macaulay

Department of Geography- Subdivision Health Geography. “Knowledge Translationfor Adaptation to Climate Change”. Annual Conference May 2010 AC Macaulay

Community Outreach Medical Students Regional Initiative to High Schools

Keynote Speaker « My Life as a Family Physician » May 2010 AC Macaulay

Clinical Epidemiology, SMBD Jewish General Hospital. Using participatory Research to Improve Health. J Salsberg and AC Macaulay

Université de Montréal

2010 Leo Roback Centre. Ann was a panel member responding to Dr Gavin Mooney presentation on Aboriginal Health Economics

INTERNATIONAL INVITATIONS

2010-11 International Indigenous Child Health. Community mobilization for primary prevention of obesity. Vancouver March 2 2011 ( given by Aboriginal colleague from KSDPP)

University of Texas Health Science Center Methods and Statistics Conference at San Antonio Texas, USA. Sponsored by Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Dec 2010

Keynote speaker “Engaging patients and communities in Primary Care Research”

Invited Panellist, “Patient centered Care, Patient Centered Research” Macaulay AC

University of Colorado, CCTSI training team. Training researchers and Community members in Community Based Participatory Research

Making Cents International, Washington DC. “Engaging project partners in evaluation of micro-enterprise trainings” December 2010

International Consortium on Participatory Health Research (ICPHR) Berlin May 2010 (unable to attend)

Keynote speaker. Vision Canada Annual Conference. Increasing cultural awareness: Health Professionals working with Aboriginal Communities AC Macaulay Sept 2010

CIHR Institutes of Health Services and Policy Research (IHSPR) and of Population and Public Health (IPPH) Summer Institute. « Ethics of Working with Vulnerable Populations » AC Macaulay June 2010

Canadian Institutes of Health Research Institute of Population and Public Health Summer Institute. Policy Changes and the Role of Participatory Research. Toronto, June 2010 Macaulay AC

Canadian Public Health Association Annual Conference. Panel discussion “Equitable Public Engagement” Toronto June 2010 Macaulay AC, King M, Last J.

TRAINING SESSIONS GIVEN

National
2011 National Aboriginal Mental Health Research Team Annual meeting. One day workshop on Participatory Research, Integrated Knowledge Translation and Ethics of Research with Aboriginal Communities. Salsberg J, Phillips M, Murdoch J with students and Community Advisory Board members of the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project. August 15th 2011

J Jagosh, J Salsberg, P Pluye , AC Macaulay, P Bush. "Applying Realist Review Methodology to Complex Health Intervention Assessment (Workshop)." Canadian Public Health Association (CPHA) Annual Meetings, Montreal, June 19-22 2011.

J Salsberg. "Applying Realist Review Methodology to Complex Health Intervention Assessment” (Workshop). Aboriginal Health Research Network (AHRNet) Annual Meetings, Regina, SK, June 2011.

International
2011                McGill University International Summer Program Department of Psychiatry, Social and Cross Cultural Psychiatry. Jon Salsberg with members of the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project
                                One day workshop May 30 2011

Participatory Research and Integrated Knowledge Translation
Kahienke’há:ke consensual decision -making
Role of Aboriginal Community Ethics Boards

Committees and Advisory Boards (AC Macaulay):

International (Ann)

North American Primary Care Research Group.

Chair of Special Interest Group on participatory research

2040 (previously named Stapleton) – Colorado, University of Colorado, USA

Steering committee member for participatory research project documenting and improving local community health

National Committee on Advancing the Science of Family Medicine

Subcommittee on Practice Based Research, USA. (for expertise on PR)

POLICY DEVELOPMENT

2011 International Consortium on Participatory Health Research (ICPHR), Toronto May 2011 (Ann/Jon)

PEER REVIEW OF RESEARCH GRANTS

2009-present Ontario HIV/AIDS Treatment Network (OHTN) Community-Based Participatory Research Committee (Jon)
2010-2011 CIHR Meetings Planning and Dissemination Grants (Ann)

OTHER

2009- present Ann as Director of Indigenous Health Curriculum for medical students, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University (includes the opportunity to introduce medical students to participatory research with Aboriginal communities)

2002- present Promotions and Tenure Committee Department of Family Medicine (Ann)
(opportunity to promote participatory research in promotion and tenure)

2009-present McGill Aboriginal Affairs Working Group (Jon)

2009-present Aboriginal Health Research Network Secretariat (AHRNetS) Knowledge Translation Working Group (Jon)

2011 St. Mary’s Hospital Scientific Day – Evaluator/Judge (Jon)

JOURNALS REVIEWED FOR (AC MACAULAY):

Implementation Science
Health Education Research

External reviewer (AC Macaulay):

Masters thesis CINE, McGill University

Promotion to Associate Professor University of Alberta